Title: Referencing using OSCOLA Author: Fennell, Graham Created Date: A law report includes features such as a headnote summarising the facts of a case and judgement, and lists of cases considered. Taylor & Francis Standard Reference Style: OSCOLA The Oxford University Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities is designed to facilitate accurate citation of authorities, legislation, and other legal materials. Treat case notes with titles as if they are journal articles. Chatterton v Gerson, [1981] 1 All ER 257 (QB) (hereinafterChatterton). If neither of these is the case, use J for judge, e.g. 3.4.1) suggest the following form for citing podcasts, YouTube videos and similar sources: Author, Title (publication date) accessed xx month 2014. OSCOLA Referencing Guide. References to Recitals in EU legislation to retain the full word Recital, e.g. . Use ( )if the date of publication is NOT needed to find the article eg. At the same time, OSCOLA allows citing sources not included in the manual while adhering to the general principles set out . eighty-four), unless they refer to a percentage, in which case it appears as, for example, 25%. For example. nmbib -- Multiple versions of a bibliography, with different sort orders notes2bib -- Integrating notes into the bibliography notex-bst -- A BibTeX style that outputs HTML oscola -- BibLaTeX style for the Oxford Standard for the Citation of Legal Authorities perception -- BibTeX style for the journal Perception Reference either an on-line or printed Journal Article, Select a different Source Type See examples, Enter the Surname and Initials for each Author of the Journal, You must enter at least one Author including their first initial, Add a 3rd Author It is widely used in law schools and by journal and book publishers in the UK and beyond. To indicate that words have been omitted from a quote, please use ellipses () without any spaces around them,e.g. SCRIPTed publishes Articles, Analysis Pieces, Case/Legislation Comments, Book Reviews, and Conference Reports. British Medical Journal podcast, 'Insanity in the Dock' (20 July 2012) comments by MatthewThompson, Centre for Evidence Based Medicine in Oxford accessed 15 April 2014. Usesingle quotation marksand include within the text. This means referring to a source you have not read that you have found within another source that you are using. In the House of Commons, written answers are indicated by the suffix W after the column number; in the House of Lords, they are indicated by the prefix WA before the column number. Remove Additional Authors, Add a 4th Author Recap: Example for Journal Articles. Items in the table of legislation are listed in identical form to how they are cited in the text. Only do this if paragraph numbers are explicitly used in the text. Please see the 4th edition of OSCOLA for comprehensive details on how to cite other secondary sources such as: We hope youve found our complete guide to OSCOLA referencing useful. The information to include depends on the types of source - see the examples. You remember that in all those pages of research, you forgot to reference the sources you used. If the next citation is to the same source, simply put ibid, with a new pinpoint if necessary. Pila, J, The Value of Authorship in the Digital Environment in William H Dutton and Paul W Jeffreys (eds), 1. World Health Organization, World Intellectual Property Organization) and when quoting text that uses the American spelling. not a result of a search in a database). If no individual author is identified, but an organisation or institution claims editorial responsibility for the work, then cite it as the author. You do not need to include any information about Westlaw or Lexis Library in your citations, as this is just the portal through which you accessed the report, legislation or article. The Lord Chancellor (now no longer a judge) should be abbreviated as Lord Brown LC, the Lord Chief Justice as Lord Brown CJ, and the Master of the Rolls as 20 Lord Brown MR. For further references to the case, use a short form of the case name and a cross-citation in brackets to the original footnote. There are also a number of other specific rules. Follow that example, tidying it up to make it consistent with OSCOLA styles (eg, change double quotes to single and full stops to commas, removing those that are unnecessary; change OED Online to italics; change Oxford University Press to OUP and put it before the date; and remove http:// from the web address and delete any text after the Entry number, then put angle brackets around the url): For other online dictionaries, follow the general advice above. There should be an asterisk (*) after each authors name, which corresponds to an asterisked footnote, giving the authors current position(s) of employment, department where appropriate, university, city, country, and email address (e.g. You should cite Regulations, Directives, Decisions, Recommendations and Opinions by giving the legislation type, number and title, followed by publication details in the OJ. Balogh v Hungary App no 47940/99 (ECtHR, 20 July 2004). You dont need to give the place of publication. 28 February 2020 Articles, Analysis Pieces, Case/Legislation Comments and Conference Reports should be written using our Article template. This means that for subsequent references of a source, you dont have to repeat the full citation. You must insert an 'and' before the last author's name, European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) cases. A pinpoint is a precise reference to the part of a judgment or report through numbered paragraphs or page numbers.
Refence case notes with titles as if they were journal articles. Traditional multispectral detectors usually consist of multiple monochromatic detectors or use filters to achieve specific wavelength detection. The relevant abbrevations are: subsection / subsections to sub-s/ sub-ss, subparagraph / subparagraphs to subpara/subparas. If you have questions about reference formats, please contact us with your query using the Query form on the guide, or email us at library.infoservices@mu.ie. For example: Tom Bingham, The Rule of Law (Alan Lane 2010). for more details. Sidaway v Board of Governors of the Bethlem Royal Hospital, [1984] 1 All ER 1018 (CA) (hereinafterSidaway). For shorter essays, this is usually not necessary, but do check your institutions guidelines. OSCOLA Journal Referencing Generator. Be aware of the difference before and after 1996. Jack Caulfield. Pinpoints follow the citation and come before the web address. When you cite hard copy journal articles, give the authors name first, followed by a comma. A Court of Appeal Judge who is Lord or Lady Smith should be referred to asSmith LJ. In footnotes write the first author's name followed by "and others". For example, UKSC is the United Kingdom Supreme Court, and Cr App R refers to the Criminal Appeal Reports. Authors will be sent anonymised copies of Referee comments. In the text,a number in superscript1is added at the end of a sentence and after the punctuation. If no person, organisation or institution claims responsibility for the work, begin the citation with the title. Try to avoid secondary referencing as it is always preferable to use the original source and you should always try to locate this. Put a comma after the first page of the article if you want to refer to a particular page or set of pages: If the year serves as the volume identifier, put the year in square brackets [ ]. Articles should not normally exceed 10,000 words (including footnotes). University of California, Berkeley (ages 15-18), the name of the journal, in full or abbreviated form, with no full stops. When a Bill is reprinted at any stage it is given a new running number. Original source cited again but with different page numbers Lorenzo Magnani, Morality in a Technological World: Knowledge as Duty (Cambridge: CUP, 2007), p. 25. Pajunen, K. 2008. In the bibliography list all of the authors. JAG Griffith, 'The Common Law and the Political Constitution' (2001) 117 LQR 42, 64. Laurence Diver and Burkhard Schafer, Opening the Black Box: Petri Nets and Privacy by Design, International Review of Law, Computers and Technology(forthcoming). Journal articles. Headings within the text are encouraged. The general principles for other secondary sources (OSCOLA 4th ed. The Chancellor of the High Court should be abbreviated as Sir John Brown C, and Presidents of the Queens Bench Division and Family Division as Sir Brown P. Neville states that The Oxford University Commonwealth Law Journal was involved in developing the OSCOLA referencing system. To do this, you will: Mention sources, paraphrase ideas, or directly quote sources within your work (in-text citation) Create a full list of sources at the end of your work . Knowing how to cite sources for assignments is a hugely important skill. The only Latin term that is acceptable to use within the OSCOLA style is ibid, for the instances when you are referring to the same source in consecutive footnotes. Graham Greenleaf, The Global Development of Free Access to Legal Information (2010) 1(1) EJLT accessed 27 July 2010. https://libguides.ials.sas.ac.uk/referencing, Practical tips on using library resources. Paul Craig, Theory, Pure Theory and Values in Public Law [2005] PL 440. If there is a separate volume number, put the year in round brackets(). GDPR, Recital 25. Morten Hviid, Sofia Izquierdo-Sanchez, and Sabine Jacques, Computers as Inventors Legal and Policy Implications of Artificial Intelligence on Patent Law, http://www.askoxford.com/betterwriting/us/?view=uk, Oxford Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA), https://www.openrightsgroup.org/blog/2017/a-brief-chance-for-better-uk-data-protection-law, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/may/09/uber-licence-drivers-gmb-transport-for-london, Timed influence: The future of Modern (Family) life and the law, Predicting Innovation: Why Facebook/WhatsApp Merger Flunked, Georgia vs. Public.Resource.org: The Morning After. The exception to this rule is when the judge holds a title. Round brackets ( ) are used when the year is not necessary to identify the relevant volume of the journal (e.g. Mike Molan, Duncan Bloy and Denis Lanser If there are more than three authors, cite the first author followed by 'and others'. If the information is available in print, reference the print version. Quotes longer than three lines of text should be styled using the quotation style within the in-house template (independent, fully-indented paragraphs) and should not have quotation marks. Dr Douglas Guilfoyle, The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea: Origins and Importance (14 August 2013) accessed 15 April 2014. hb```,+@(
`=ar For articles with multiple authors, use the first name and surname for up to three authors, separated by an (Oxford) comma and "and . You should also consult your lecturer and refer to your departmental handbook OSCOLA Referencing Guide. For example, here you would list Hansard, any books and journal articles cited, and other sources such as blogs, social media and newspapers. Full citation (including footnote number for illustration) 3 John Knowles, Effective Legal Research (4 th edn, Sweet & Maxwell 2016) 33.. Authors' surname and cross-citation to footnote number 3. Sources are listed in alphabetical order within each table and in the bibliography. Authors are invited to make submissions in any language, though consideration of submissions is subject to the Editorial Boards ability to locate an appropriate peer reviewer in the subject language. Repeating citations short forms and ibid, https://libguides.northampton.ac.uk/oscolaguide. Act title Year, s Section number(Subsection number)(Paragraph number). URLs should not be italicised, put within or within (parentheses). use the following format for the footnote: Information to include: 1. If the information is only available online, give the URL before the accessed date information. Enter pages of the chapter you wish to refer to. If the book has more than one volume, you should follow the volume number with the publication details. Authors should provide an abstract of 250 words or fewer, which will appear under the listing of the published version. 1 1. concept X, not concept X). For older statutes, you can give the regnal year and chapter number. In OSCOLA referencing, referring to a specific page number within a source is called pinpointing. However if the articleis only available online, use the same format as for print journals but at the end of the citation add the web address within < > marks and the date you most recently accessed the article. When referring to the first two series, cite the House abbreviation (HL or HC), followed by Deb, then the full date, the volume and the column. Paul Craig, Theory, "Pure Theory" and Values in Public Law [2005] PL 440. For example: You can see from this example that the information in brackets shows that this Act was given royal assent in the forty-first year of the reign of George III. If the reference is to an editorial, cite the author as Editorial. 26 Knowles (n 3) 120.. Pinpointing a page Example If you source an article online which is also available in hard copy, cite the hard copy version. Gary Blasi and John Jostin, System Justification Theory and Research: Implications for Law, Legal Advocacy, and Social Justice in Jon Hanson (ed.). Follow this by the phrase available at, followed by the URL, which should be hyperlinked. 6. endstream
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For example: You do not need to footnote an Act if you make it identifiable in the text. OSCOLA is an acronym which stands for the Oxford University Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities. If there is no clear author, give the organisation providing the source as the author. Registered office: Creative Tower, Fujairah, PO Box 4422, UAE. Don't worry, you can come back and edit the reference if you need to correct or add any information. endstream
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Use Initials or forename unpunctuated and with no spaces followed by surname. With online journals that have been published electronically, give publication details the same way you would for hard copy journal articles. For example: Christian von Bar, The Common European Law of Torts, vol 2 (CH Beck 2000), para 76. The number is displayed in superscript (i.e. While the Copy Editor does NOT check the accuracy of citations, s/he reserves the right to make amendments considered necessary to achieve SCRIPTed stylistic and formatting standards, and may make changes with a view to (1) eliminating errors of typing, grammar, syntax, punctuation, spelling, and idiom, (2) eliminating ambiguity, illogicality, tautology, circumlocution and redundancy, (3) producing accuracy and coherence, and (4) improving the mode of expression and style of writing. Authors are responsible for ensuring that necessary amendments are carried out in light of Referee recommendations. Please also consult the Oxford English Dictionary (OED) for correct spellings. The Oxford University Standard for the Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA) is a referencing style used by students and academics in law. Explanatory Notes to the Charities Act 2006, para 15. The President of the Supreme Court should be abbreviated as, for example, Lord Brown P; the Deputy President as Lord Brown DP. International Journal of Food Science & Technology. 'Theory, "Pure Theory" and Values in Public Law' [2005] PL 440, 'In Defense of Due Deference' (2009) 72 MLR 554. an article/pdf/ebook is available anywhere in print format, you should cite it as you would a printed piece of work (even if you have read it online).